What a Cohort actually is
A Cohort is a small group of peers who are each pursuing something difficult, and who have agreed to do that pursuit in each other's company. The point is not the company — the company is the means. The point is that you each become more likely to do the thing because the others are watching, asking, and trying to do their own version of the same.
It looks superficially like a mastermind group, but it is structurally different. A mastermind tends to be transactional — you trade tactics, exchange introductions, optimize for a measurable outcome. A Cohort is something else. It assumes the work is harder than tactics can solve, and that the most useful thing peers can offer each other is honest witness over time.
A Cohort makes ambition sociable. The work stays solitary; the pursuit doesn't have to be.
The closest historical analog isn't business — it's the early scientific societies, or the writing groups that formed around publishing houses in the early twentieth century. People doing serious individual work, who decided to do it within sight of each other.
Who belongs in a Cohort
The composition of a Cohort matters more than its size. The members do not need to be in the same field — in fact, mild divergence often helps. What they need to share is a comparable level of ambition and a comparable seriousness about the work.
A founder, a novelist, an academic, and a senior executive can be a perfect Cohort if each is genuinely trying to do something hard. The same four people will form a terrible Cohort if one of them is coasting. Mismatch in seriousness is the single most reliable killer of these groups.
Look for three qualities: active pursuit (they are working on something now, not someday); candor (they are willing to say what is actually happening, including failures); and reciprocity (they are as interested in your work as in their own).